Stanford researchers discovered why Ozempic and similar GLP-1 drugs don't work for everyone. About 10% of people carry genetic variants causing 'GLP-1 resistance' - their bodies produce higher levels of the GLP-1 hormone but can't use it effectively. These variants affect the PAM enzyme, which activates hormones including GLP-1. In clinical trials, people with these variants couldn't lower blood sugar as effectively after six months of treatment. While the exact biological mechanism remains unknown, this finding could lead to genetic testing before prescribing these medications, helping doctors choose better treatments faster and moving toward personalized diabetes care.
