A new physics-based model of aging proposes that the aging process is controlled by just three macroscopic variables, not hundreds of competing theories. This framework, developed by physicists Peter Fedichev and Jan Gruber, explains why anti-aging drugs that work in mice often fail in humans: mice and humans age in fundamentally different biological modes. Current interventions like senolytics and cellular reprogramming are classified as 'Level 1' — they may improve healthspan but cannot extend the maximum human lifespan beyond roughly 120 years. To actually push past that ceiling, researchers would need Level 2 and Level 3 interventions targeting deeper structural aspects of biological aging. The model offers a clearer roadmap for longevity science than previous fragmented approaches.
